Balasaraswati, Madras, India, 1934
Source unknown. Retrieved from: http://thebestofhabibi.com/vol-16-no-3-fall-1997/indian-dance-aesthetics/
Month: September 2019
Kidwai, Saleem. “The Singing Ladies Find a Voice.” India Seminar, 2004, http://www.india-seminar.com/2004/540/540%20saleem%20kidwai.htm. Accessed 9 September 2019.
This article traces the gradual shift in connotation for the words ganewali and tawaif through the path of ganewalis and tawaifs both historical and fictional. However briefly, it touches upon courtesans such as Umrao Jaan and Begam Samru, as well as the activism of tawaifs. Readers may notice that it is limited in its references/citations.
“A group of dancing girls, a postcard photo, late 1800’s”
A group of dancing girls, a postcard photo, late 1800’s
Source unknown. Retrieved via Wikimedia Commons .
“A Muslim Nautch girl in Jaipur.”
A Muslim Nautch girl in Jaipur
Source unknown. Retrieved via Wikimedia Commons
“A photo probably by Bourne, from the 1860’s.”
A photo probably by Bourne, from the 1860’s.
Source unknown, Retrieved via Wikimedia Commons
“Dancing Girl Photo from 1879.”
Dancing Girl Photo from 1879
Source unknown. Retrieved via Wikimedia Commons
“Nautch dancers in India, ca 1860-1870″
Nautch dancers in India, ca 1860-1870
Source: Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies and Leiden University Library). Retrieved via Wikimedia Commons.
“Nautch girls, Bombay,” by Taurines, c.1880’s
Nautch girls, Bombay
Source: ebay, Sept. 2007. Retrieved from columbia.edu.